【导读】英语语法高频考点——非谓语!更多教师招考信息,备考干货,辅导课程,时政资料,欢迎关注重庆教师招聘考试网。
英语语法高频考点——非谓语
一、过去分词
1. 分词的构成:
分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。
现在分词的基本形式由“动词+-ing”构成;
过去分词的基本形式是“动词+-ed”,但也有不规则的形式。
2. 过去分词的句法功能:
(1) 帮助构成现在完成时和过去完成时
I have already finished my homework.
(2) 帮助构成被动语态
Now we are not allowed to touch it.
(3) 作定语。
过去分词是单个单词时,一般用于名词前; 过去分词短语,就放在名词的后面
Our class went on an organized trip last Monday.
Those elected as committee members will attend the meeting.
(4) 作表语。
过去分词作表语时常具有形容词的特征,表示主语的特征、状态或感情等。
I was surprised at hearing him say so.
(5) 作宾补。
常作感官动词或使役动词的宾语补足语,表示被动、完成。
I heard the song sung several times last week.
I have had my hair cut for two days.
(6) 作状语。
过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语(即分词动作的发出者)一般要与句中主语保持一致。
Seen from the tower, the city looks very beautiful.
Given more time, I’ll be do it better.
注意:有些过去分词是不及物动词构成的,不表示被动,只表示完成
如:boiled water(开水), fallen leaves(落叶)
newly arrived goods(新到的货), the risen sun(升起的太阳)
【全真模拟】
1.The Golden Gate Bridge, several hundred years ago, is world wide famous.
A. which is built
B. which built
C. built
D. having built
【金标尺答案】C
【金标尺解析】本题本题考查英语语法——过去分词。
句意:“建立于几百年前的金门大桥世界闻名”。分析句子结构可知,主句是“The Golden Gate Bridge is world wide famous.”。插入语部分缺乏动词,主语与主语主语一致,是“The Golden Gate Bridge”,金门大桥与“build”之间是被动关系,因此使用过去分词形式。C项:为“build”的过去分词形式,符合题意。
A项:时态错误。如若改为“which was built”则正确,故排除;
B项:缺被动语态中的be动词 was,故排除;
D项:时态及语态错误,故排除。
故本题答案为C。
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