【高频考点5】 动词的时态 ★★★
1.时态重难点1:
在由if, when, after, before, although, as, as soon as, the minute, the next time, whether, even if, in case, till, though, until, so long as, whatever, wherever等引导的表示时间、条件、比较等的状语从句中,用一般现在时表将来。例:
I shall have a good time whether I win or lose.
You will surely succeed if you try your best.
2.时态重难点2:一般过去时VS现在完成时
(1)概念有差异
一般过去时只表示动作在过去某时发生,不表示和现在有关系。而现在完成时强调的是动作与现在有关系,即对现在造成的影响或动作持续到现在。例:
I lost my new cellphone yesterday.
I have lost my new cellphone.
(2)时间状语有差异
一般过去时与确定的过去“时间点”连用。能用于现在完成时的是在一定意义上与现在时间有关系的“时间段”。例:
He worked here three years ago.
He has worked here for three years.
3.时态重难点3:现在完成时VS现在完成进行时
现在完成时表示动作已经完成,强调结果,而现在完成进行时侧重于动作的持续性、重复性,表示动作从过去开始一直延续到说话时刻,或仍在进行,强调的是动作。
(1)动作完成的进度不同
现在完成时一般表示动作已经完成,而现在完成进行时的动作不一定已经完成,很可能持续下去。例:
Recently, the Russian and Germans have built a new Amber Room at the summer palace.
You’ve been designing solar racing cars for a long time.
(2)动作完成的频率不同
现在完成时一般不表示动作的重复,而现在完成进行时往往表示动作的重复更迭。例:
How many races have you taken part in?
And I’ve been taking part in races for about four years.
(3)表达的感情色彩不同
现在完成时只表明一个事实,往往不带感情色彩,而现在完成进行时带有较强烈的感情色彩。例:
Have you come to take my photo?
What have you been doing? You look fed up!